Solvent and Solubility essays

Solvent and Solubility essays In this experiment, several organic chemicals were tested for their solubility. These organic chemicals are acetone, ethanol, ethyl acetate, ethyl ether, hexane and methanol. They were put to test with potassium bromide (KBr), an ionic compound, benzoic acid, an organic acid, and water. CH3 wCH2 wO wH CH3 wC wO wCH2 wCH3 CH3 wCH2 wO wCH2 wCH3 CH3 wCH2 wCH2 wCH2 wCH2 wCH3 C wO wH O Potassium Bromide Benzoic Acid Water The functional group of acetone is ketone, it contains a C=O and it has a dipole moment. Both ethanol and methanol has the same functional group, hydroxyl group, OH. Ethyl Acetate has a C wO group commonly known as an ester group. Ethyl ether contains an ether group which structure looks like R wO wR ¡. Hexane doesn ¡t have any functional group but only C wC bond linked together. Potassium bromide is an ionic compound which will separate into K+ and Br- when put into water. Benzoic acid is an organic acid with a benzene group and a carboxyl group, C wOH, it is also capable for hydrogen bond. The hypothesis for the solubility behavior of potassium bromide in water and in hexane is that potassium bromide would most likely to dissolve in water but not in hexane. This is because of the polar property of chemicals. In water molecules, the hydrogen atoms have a partial positive charge and the oxygen atom has a partial negative charges. The positive ends of the water molecule strongly attract the negative ends of other polar compounds, in this case the bromine atoms of potassium bromide. Likewise, the negative ends of water strongly attract the positive ends of neighboring compounds, the potassium atom...

Breaking Bad Blue Crystal Meth Rock Candy Recipe

Breaking Bad Blue Crystal Meth Rock Candy Recipe Have you ever wondered what AMC used for crystal meth in Breaking Bad? Walts famous blue crystal meth is rock candy, not drugs! Here is a recipe to make your own blue crystal candy, perfect for a Breaking Bad party or snacks while watching the show. Of course, you can make the candy any color, flavor it, or even make it glow under a black light. Blue Crystal Ingredients You only need a few common cooking ingredients for this project: 3-3/4 cups sugar1-1/4 cups light corn syrup1 cup waterblue food coloring (or whatever color you like)1/2 to 1 teaspoon flavoring, such as vanilla, lemon, or cherry flavoring What To Do If you have a candy thermometer, be sure to use it. Otherwise, watch carefully for any darkening or browning of the sugar, which indicates youre getting the mixture too hot. Grease a cookie sheet. You can use butter, shortening, or non-stick spray.Stir the sugar, corn syrup, and water together in a pan over medium heat.Bring the mixture to a boil and continue boiling for 3 minutes.Stir in food coloring and flavoring, if desired.This is the part where the candy thermometer comes in handy. Increase the temperature to 300 Â °F. The goal is to melt the sugar and harden the candy, but not carmelize (brown) it. Once the mixture reaches the temperature, remove the pan from heat.Pour the hot mixture onto the greased cookie sheet. Be very careful! The candy is extremely hot and sticky at this point.Allow the crystals to cool completely. Use a mallet or hammer to break the crystals into pieces.Store your blue crystals in an airtight container, since humidity will make them sticky. To keep the crystals from sticking to each other, you can spritz them with nonstick cooking spray or dust them with powdered sugar. Glowing Blue Crystals If you want blue crystals that glow blue under a black light, replace the water in the recipe with tonic water. The quinine that produces the blue glow has a distinctive flavor, which you may like or may wish to mask with another flavoring. Learn More Breaking Bad ChemistryCrystal Meth FactsGrow Sugar Crystals or Rock CandyMake Maple Syrup CrystalsHoneycomb Bubble Candy Recipe